Stir together the caramel dip and 1 tablespoon of chopped pecans in a small bowl; refrigerate until needed.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle, beat the cream cheese and butter on high speed until smooth, about 1 minute, scraping down sides as needed.
Add powdered sugar and brown sugar; mix on low just until combined, then increase speed to medium-high and beat until smooth, about 30 seconds.
Add dry pudding mix, lemon juice, salt, cinnamon, and 1/3 cup of chopped pecans; mix just until combined, about 10 seconds.
Line a medium bowl with plastic wrap, letting it overhang by about 2 inches, and press the cream cheese mixture into it, packing it firmly.
Use your hands or a spoon to make a 3-inch wide and 2-inch deep well in the center, then refrigerate uncovered for 45 minutes or until just firm.
Spoon the chilled caramel mixture into the well, then use the plastic wrap to help fold and seal the cheese over the caramel, forming a smooth ball.
Transfer the sealed cheese ball onto a fresh piece of plastic wrap and wrap it tightly, shaping it into a 5-inch ball; place in a medium bowl and refrigerate for 2 to 12 hours until fully firm.
Place the remaining 1/3 cup chopped pecans on a plate, unwrap the cheese ball, and roll it gently in the nuts until fully coated.
Transfer to a serving platter, drizzle with extra caramel dip if desired, and serve with apple slices, graham crackers, pretzel chips, or your favorite dippers.